药剂拌种对小麦根部病虫害防效及产量的影响

药剂拌种是防治小麦根部病虫害安全有效且操作简单的方法。为了给冀中北地区小麦根部病虫害防控提供依据,2018年秋季在廊坊节水高效综合试验站小麦(中麦1062)播种前利用生产上近年使用的拌种剂酷拉斯、奥拜瑞、亮势进行拌种,以不包衣种子为对照(CK),研究了不同拌种剂处理对小麦根腐病、茎基腐病、纹枯病和孢囊线虫防效以及主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:在统一播种、统一管理的情况下,不同药剂拌种的小麦生育期进程、主要生育期农艺性状、产量及其构成因素差异及其与CK差异均不显著,但酷拉斯拌种对小麦根腐病、茎基腐和纹枯病防治效果均最好,亮势拌种对小麦纹枯病和孢囊线虫防治效果最好。     

微信公共领域里的失范行为及其法治规范建设

从哈贝马斯公共领域理论出发，提出了微信群与微信公众号已经初步形成了公共领域这一观点，并主要介绍了围绕微信公共领域的社交功能、自媒体传播功能和商业贸易平台功能而产生的失范行为。依法规范微信公共领域，可以从完善依法管理微信公共领域、依法运营微信公共领域、依法使用微信公共领域三个有机联系层面的法治规范展开。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of PTTG1 Gene in Luchuan Pig

This experiment was aimed to clone PTTG1 gene CDS sequence of Luchuan pig,and was analyzed by bioinformatics methods.A pair of special primers was designed according to predicted sequence of porcine PTTG1 in GenBank.The coding sequence of PTTG1 in Luchuan pig was amplified by RT-PCR,its gene sequence characteristics and protein structure was systemically analyzed by bioinformatics techniques.The results showed that the cloned PTTG1 fragment included a 609 bp CDS (coding 202 amino acids).The sequence multi-aligned results showed that Luchuan pig shared 90.15%,87.85%,87.52%,87.03%,76.03%,74.38%,55.74% and 44.48% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos,Pan troglodytes,Homos,Macaca,Rattus,Mus,Gallus and Danio retio,respectively.The protein structure analysis results showed that the protein attributed hydrophilic protein without signal peptide,localized in cell cytoplasm and had 16 phosphorylation sites.The phylogentic tree of amino acid indicated that PTTG1 was highly conserved in the process of evolution of different species.The cloning and analysis of PTTG1 gene provided an important foundation for further study biological function of porcine PTTG1 during early embryonic development.     

中国沙棘良种选育及遗传改良研究进展与展望

中国沙棘良种选育及遗传改良研究虽起步较晚但进展迅速,在优良品种选育、优异种质引种及遗传改良等方面的研究中取得了重大进展.为给中国沙棘资源的可持续利用提供理论依据和科技支撑,在汲取国内相关研究成果及查阅有关学术论文的基础上,综述了中国沙棘优良类型选择、优良个体(品种)选育、引种驯化、杂交育种及遗传改良等领域的研究进展,指...     

Pathogen Analysis of Goat's Respiratory Diseases

To investigate the pathogens of goat's respiratory disease from a goat farm in Guangxi province, the epidemiological investigation, clinic observation, pathological examination, bacterium isolation and identification, biochemical test, PCR and animal experiment test were conducted.The preventive and control measures were taken on the basis of pathogen epidemiological characteristics and drug sensitive test results.The results showed that Mycoplasma, influenza virus and parasite were negative by isolation and culture or PCR, however, two strains of gram-negative bacteria named MS1 and MS2 were isolated from lung.MS1 was identified as Serratia marcescens by biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequencing, which shared 99% nucleotide homology with other Serratia marcescens in GenBank.And MS2 was identified as E.coil by the same methods that shared 99% nucleotide homology with other E.coli in GenBank.Animal experiment showed that two strains could cause death in mice.The drug sensitive tests showed two strains were highly sensitive to spectinomycin, amikacin, kanamicin and neomycin.Kanamycin and dexamethasone were used to treat the sick goats, and achieved good results.     

不同有机肥处理对紫色土油茶林土壤微生物碳源利用的影响

微生物群落碳代谢功能多样性对土壤管理具有重要指示作用,以福建省宁化县紫色土水土侵蚀区油茶人工林不同坡位土壤为研究对象,采用Biolog技术对天然有机物料有机肥(T1)、有机无机复合肥(T2)、禽畜粪便有机(T3)共3种有机肥处理以及不施肥处理(CK)下的土壤微生物碳源利用能力进行了研究。研究结果显示:T1、T2、T3处理下不同坡位土壤的吸光值平均颜色变化率(AWCD)相比于施肥前都有所增加,而CK处理土壤AWCD值无显著变化,不同处理下土壤AWCD值提高的大小顺序表现为T2T1T3CK;Shannon多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数以及McIntosh优势度指数大小顺序均表现为T2T1T3CK;相同处理下不同坡位土壤AWCD值、Shannon多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数以及McIntosh均匀度指数大小顺序总体呈现下坡中坡上坡;Shannon指数与土壤容重和自然含水率呈极显著或显著负相关,与pH值、全碳和全氮含量呈极显著或显著正相关;McIntosh指数与土壤容重、自然含水率、pH值、全碳和全氮含量呈极显著或显著正相关;氨基酸类是各处理后土壤微生物利用的主要碳源类型,主成分分析表明T1、T2、T3处理下土壤微生物对6类碳源利用能力相比于对照具有较大差异,T1和T3处理对于6类碳源的利用具有相似性,T2处理与T3处理之间对于6类碳源利用差异主要在于碳水化合物类碳源。综上,有机无机复合肥的施入更有利于紫色土丘陵区油茶人工林土壤微生物碳源利用能力的提高,以上结论可为制定紫色土丘陵区合理施肥制度的设置、农业优化管理措施提供依据。     

Preparation of Atherosclerosis Model Using Guangxi Bama Mini-pig

The atherosclerosis (AS) model was prepared in Guangxi Bama mini-pig,and the atherosclerosis index (AI) was preliminarily identified in occurrence of AS to provide the basis for the preparation of related models.20 Guangxi Bama mini-pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group which were fed with high fat and cholesterol diet to prepare the AS model.Blood biochemical indexes were detected in the process of model preparation and the correlation between AI and the results of vascular slices was analyzed to initially draw up AI of AS.The results of vascular slices showed that the incidence rates of AS of Guangxi Bama mini-pigs in experimental group and control group were 20% and 0,respectively.The association analysis between the results of vascular slices and AI in the pathogenic Guangxi Bama mini-pigs preliminarily suggested that AI was above 3.8 and lasted for more than 3 months during the attack.     

不同培养基成分对薄荷试管苗生根的影响

[目的]筛选薄荷试管苗生根的最佳培养基组合。[方法]以薄荷试管苗茎段为试验材料,探讨不同培养基成分、凝固剂种类及添加量对其生根的影响。[结果]在薄荷试管苗培养过程中,使用琼脂为凝固剂,且添加量为7 g/L的1/2MS培养基时,其生根时间最短,生根数和生根长度较高。[结论]为薄荷试管苗的大规模、优质、高效生产提供理论依据。     

基于无人机高光谱遥感的柑橘患病植株分类与特征波段提取

目的 结合传统与现代农业病虫害监测的优缺点，探索通过无人机高光谱遥感技术检测出患病的柑橘植株、通过人工田间调查方式判断其患病种类及患病程度的病虫害监测方法。方法 使用无人机获取原始高光谱图像，经过光谱预处理和特征工程后，采用连续投影算法提取对柑橘患病植株分类贡献值最大的特征波长组合，基于全波段使用BP神经网络和XgBoost算法、基于特征波段使用逻辑回归和支持向量机算法，建立分类模型。结果 基于全波段的BP神经网络和XgBoost算法的ROC曲线下面积(Area under curve，AUC)分别为0.883 0和0.912 0，分类准确率均超过95%；提取出698和762 nm的特征波长组合，基于特征波长使用逻辑回归和支持向量机算法建立的分类模型召回率分别达到了93.00%和96.00%。结论 基于特征波长建模在患病样本分类中表现出很高的准确率，证明了特征波长组合的有效性。本研究结果可为柑橘种植园的病虫害监测提供一定的数据和理论支撑。     

鸡粪及其配施尿素对甜瓜香味物质、酶活性及基因表达的影响

为了探讨鸡粪以及鸡粪与尿素配施对薄皮甜瓜果实香气物质合成及关键酶的影响,以薄皮甜瓜"DX108"为试材,以尿素为氮源的处理作为对照(CK),研究等量氮素条件下,鸡粪及其与尿素配施处理对甜瓜果实香气物质以及相关酶活性变化的影响,并分析了乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)和醇酰基转移酶(AAT)基因的表达水平。结果表明:不同处理对薄皮甜瓜香气物质合成、相关酶活性以及关键酶基因表达的影响存在明显差异;尿素处理促进了甜瓜果实中C6和C9醇醛类化合物的合成,而鸡粪以及鸡粪与尿素配施提高了成熟果实中酯类物质含量和种类,尤其是乙酸酯类含量;鸡粪配施尿素处理提高了花后35 d甜瓜果实中非乙酸酯类物质含量,且是尿素处理花后35 d甜瓜果实中非乙酸酯类物质含量的3.1倍,还检测到了尿素处理果实中没有检测到的特征性酯类物质;鸡粪和鸡粪配施尿素处理提高了花后25～30 d果实中LOX酶、氨基转移酶、ADH酶以及AAT酶活性,降低了花后35 d果实中ADH酶活性,抑制了30 d后果实中CmADH1和ADH2的基因表达,而促进了CmAAT1和CmAAT3基因表达。由此可知,鸡粪以及鸡粪与尿素配施有可能是通过调节果实不同发育期香味物质合成途径中关键酶活性的协调变化以及关键酶基因表达,影响了果实香气物质的合成,尤其是酯类物质的合成。